The evolution of the Kharkiv school of drawing under the influence of O. Kokel
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34142/27091805.2026.7.02.08Keywords:
Kharkiv School of Drawing, O. O. Kokel's teaching methodology, academic drawing, constructive and analytical thinking, synthesis of tradition and innovationAbstract
The article examines the evolution of the Kharkiv School of Drawing during the teaching period of the prominent painter and graphic artist Oleksii Opanasovych Kokel in the first half of the 20th century. The relevance of the topic is determined by the need to define the artist's role in establishing the foundation of academic education, traditions, and teaching methods in Kharkiv's higher art school. It was established that the factors influencing O. Kokel's methodological approach were the didactic principles and academic traditions of the I. Repin and D. Kardovsky schools. His own creative evolution from impressionistic to realistic graphic techniques also played a significant role, leading to the use of a wide range of technical tools and laying the foundation for the further development of the regional school of drawing.
The aim of the study is to determine the conceptual and methodological foundations of O. O. Kokel's artistic and pedagogical activity, which became the cornerstone of art education in the Kharkiv academic school of drawing and contributed to the organization of an effective educational process in the region.
The research methods are based on an integrated approach. The historical-genetic method allowed for tracing the factors behind the formation of O. Kokel's methodological and pedagogical system. The formal-stylistic method was applied to study the morphology of his drawings. The comparative method and compositional analysis revealed O. Kokel's plastic explorations, artistic style, and other aspects.
The scientific novelty of the study lies in the analysis of O. Kokel's graphic heritage and conceptual-methodological foundations as key factors in organizing and improving the educational process within the Kharkiv School of Drawing in the first half of the 20th century.
The results of the study made it possible to conceptualize the contribution of the artist and educator O. Kokel as a founder and methodologist of the Kharkiv School of Drawing in the first half of the 20th century. His tenure as rector and head of the drawing department facilitated the creation of a teaching system, evolved the approaches to the educational process, and outlined the curriculum and specific character of the regional art institution. A transition occurred from the 19th-century academic realistic drawing to a deep constructive analysis of nature. O. Kokel's compromise between traditional foundations and modern trends established the potential of the Kharkiv School of Drawing.
Conclusions. Under the influence of O. Kokel, the Kharkiv School of Drawing evolved from blind copying to constructive and analytical thinking. The pedagogical system he developed became the methodological basis for higher art education in Kharkiv, which remains relevant to the educational process today at the Kharkiv Academy of Design and Arts.
Downloads
References
Бажан М. П. (ред.). (1973). Словник художників України. Київ: Головна редакція Української радянської енциклопедії. 271 с.
Білецький П. О. (2000). Асєєва Н. Ю. (ред.). Українське мистецтво та архітектура кінця ХІХ–початку ХХ ст. НАНУ. Інститут мистецтвознавства, фольклористики та етнології ім. М. Т. Рильського. Київ: Наукова думка. 240 с.
Кубійович В. (ред.). (1959). Енциклопедія українознавства: Словникова частина 3: [в 11 т.]. Париж–Нью-Йорк: Молоде життя. 805–1200 с.
Кудрицький А. В. & Лабінський М. Г. (1997). Кудрицький А. В. (ред.). Мистецтво України: Біографічний довідник. Київ : «Українська енциклопедія» імені М. П. Бажана. 700 с.
Лабінський М. Г. & Мурза В. С. (1992). Кудрицький А. В. (ред.). Митці України: енциклопед. довід. Київ: «Українська енциклопедія» ім. М. П. Бажана. 848 с.
Лагутенко О. (2006). Українська графіка першої третини ХХ століття. Київ: Грані-Т. 240 с.
Мизгіна В. В. & Васильєв В. О. (2013). Кокель Олексій Опанасович. https://esu.com.ua/article-8044
Соколюк Л. (2020). Школа Раєвської-Іванової: Мистецько-промислова освіта у Харкові (друга половина ХІХ–початок ХХ ст.). Харків: Видавець Олександр Савчук. 248 с.
Соколюк Л. (2021). Шляхи розвитку мистецької освіти в Харкові (1896–1918). Вісник Харківської академії дизайну і мистецтв, № 1, С 83–94. https://doi.org/10.33625/visnik2021.01.083
Соколюк Л. Д. (2021). Харківська мистецтвознавча школа (1900-ті–початок 2020-х років). Вісник Харківської державної академії дизайну і мистецтв. № 2. С. 55–70. https://doi.org/10.33625/visnik2021.02.055
Соколюк Л. Д. (2023). Вища мистецька школа Харкова: від модернізму до трансформації (1921–1962). Харків: Видавець Олександр Савчук. 150 с.
Чеботов І. П. (2017). Харківська школа рисунка. Харків: Софія-А. 343 с.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Носань Володимир, Нестеренко Андрій (Автор)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
