Stylistic specification of modernism and avant-garde in art

Abstract

Object. The evolution of the art of modernism and avant-garde is analyzed and the bases of their stylistic specification is described. It is elucidated the conceptual essence of the relations between modern and avant-garde as two concepts of the first stage of the evolution of modern art. They show the internal contradiction of the process of artistic creativity.
Scientific novelty. Philosophical and aesthetic concepts of modernism and avant-garde are considered. It is noticed that each concept is characterized by a variety of styles that reflect specific ideas and trends of their time. The divergence between these concepts is manifested in the difference in the methods of expression, as well as in the attitude to the socio-cultural traditions and the history of art. The development of the stylistics of modernism from cubism to expressionism and from futurism to surrealism is determined. This process takes place when the means of expression typical for modernism are outlined more embossed and candidly. “Analytical and synthetic” painting from cubism to expressionism manifests itself through the dynamics of compositions, the intensity of lines, the contrast of colours, which embody the mysticism and energy of simplified forms. On the way from futurism to surrealism, the search for ways to represent the reality carries out a kind of “murder” of painting, using an unexpected combination of images, transformation effects, automatism in painting. The analysis of dadaism, suprematism and constructivism revealed that the formation of the stylistics of avant-garde takes place on the way from the philosophy of anti-art through the assertion of the aesthetic idealization of abstract forms to the philosophy of the constructivity of art in socio-cultural space and time.
Results. It is determined that the conceptual relationship between the modern and the avant-garde describes the internal contradiction of the process of artistic creativity, the possibility of the realization its socio-cultural and technical and technological aspects. It is elucidated that the evolution of stylistics from sensuous and irrational to abstract and logical, from the absolutization of form to the conceptuality of content reveals the logic of the contradiction between modernism and avant-garde as a reflection of the diversity of philosophical ideas and socio-cultural standards of the epoch. It is shown that the styles of modernism from cubism and expressionism to futurism and surrealism were manifested as the attempts to express the sensuous and emotional aspects of the world through bright colours, dynamic forms and irrational images. Avant-garde in the styles of dadaism, suprematism and constructivism focused mainly on abstraction, decomposition of form and conceptual elements of art.
Conclusions. Philosophical reflections on the stylistic specification of artistic trends can help to reveal the logic of the emergence and development of artistic styles during the evolution of forms and techniques of modern art, in particular postmodernism and contemporary art.